The average rating of newly installed windsturbines was 164 kW in 1990, in 2000 for the first time more than 1 MW, in 2009 for the first time about 2 MW. In 2011, it stood at 2.2 MW, with plants with an installed capacity from 2.1 to 2.9 MW dominated with a share of 54%. A further increase in average power rating is foreseeable, in part due to introduction of 3-MW onshore windsturbines and because of increasing construction of offshore winds farms, percentage of capital assets are built with a rated capacity from 3.6 to 6 MW (wind turbine maintenance Idaho).
Like all machines can not reach windsturbines, the theoretical maximum. Aerodynamic losses resulting from air friction on the leaves, by vortices at the blade tips and swirl in wake of rotor. In modern systems, these losses reduce the power coefficient of cp, Betz 0.593 on cP equals 0.4 to 0.5. Of above 320 W / m ie up to 160 W / m expected. A rotor with 113 m diameter (10,000 m) is then 1.6 megawatts to shaft. To calculate the power at the mains addition, the efficiencies of all mechanical and electrical parts must still be considered.
Analog increased the average hub height and power ratings up to first half of 2014 to 113 m and 2.65 MW and a rotor diameter of 97 m, with significant differences due to regional winds speeds. Modern windsturbines have become weak rotor diameter to about 130 meters and hub heights up to 150 meters, the total amount of investment shall not exceed 200 m far in most cases. In offshore area (as of 2013) systems with a rotor diameter of 170 meters in test mode.
Enercon was initially a long time the only manufacturer with direct drive. Several manufacturers are now set a gearless design. In 2013, the global market share of gearless plants was 28.1%. Windsturbines was made by around 2010 by stationary dock assembly; Since then, manufacturers on cost grounds increasingly on mass production assembly line techniques and industrialization and standardization ofir products.
Parallel to sit down - as in automotive industry has long been standard - modular platform strategies through, which are developed on the same technical basis of plant types or variants for different winds classes; z. B. By different rotor sizes with largely identical or different powertrain concepts generator with the same rotor diameter.
Not all newly installed systems are in new locations: Partial old plants are dismantled and replaced by more powerful what is referred to as repowering. Within winds farms decreases, as a rule, the number of plants, while at the same time increase installed capacity and yield significantly. The density of kinetic energy of flow increases as the square of winds speed v and also depends on the air density.
This energy is transported by the winds. In free flow far ahead of rotor of windsturbine, the power density of this transport. Due to this sharp increase in power density with the winds speed winds energy sites are particularly interesting. The tower height plays an important role, especially in inland areas where (buildings and vegetation) reduced the winds speed and increases the degree of turbulence.
Their rated power, sometimes called the installed capacity reaches a windsturbine at the rated windsspeed. In capacity of plant is kept constant in order to avoid overloading. At very high windsspeeds (storm), the system is completely switched off. With a slight crescent shape in outer region of rotor blades soft gusts from the blade tips to leeward. The associated distortion of sheets reduces the angle of attack and therefore the winds load. Accordingly, material can be saved
Like all machines can not reach windsturbines, the theoretical maximum. Aerodynamic losses resulting from air friction on the leaves, by vortices at the blade tips and swirl in wake of rotor. In modern systems, these losses reduce the power coefficient of cp, Betz 0.593 on cP equals 0.4 to 0.5. Of above 320 W / m ie up to 160 W / m expected. A rotor with 113 m diameter (10,000 m) is then 1.6 megawatts to shaft. To calculate the power at the mains addition, the efficiencies of all mechanical and electrical parts must still be considered.
Analog increased the average hub height and power ratings up to first half of 2014 to 113 m and 2.65 MW and a rotor diameter of 97 m, with significant differences due to regional winds speeds. Modern windsturbines have become weak rotor diameter to about 130 meters and hub heights up to 150 meters, the total amount of investment shall not exceed 200 m far in most cases. In offshore area (as of 2013) systems with a rotor diameter of 170 meters in test mode.
Enercon was initially a long time the only manufacturer with direct drive. Several manufacturers are now set a gearless design. In 2013, the global market share of gearless plants was 28.1%. Windsturbines was made by around 2010 by stationary dock assembly; Since then, manufacturers on cost grounds increasingly on mass production assembly line techniques and industrialization and standardization ofir products.
Parallel to sit down - as in automotive industry has long been standard - modular platform strategies through, which are developed on the same technical basis of plant types or variants for different winds classes; z. B. By different rotor sizes with largely identical or different powertrain concepts generator with the same rotor diameter.
Not all newly installed systems are in new locations: Partial old plants are dismantled and replaced by more powerful what is referred to as repowering. Within winds farms decreases, as a rule, the number of plants, while at the same time increase installed capacity and yield significantly. The density of kinetic energy of flow increases as the square of winds speed v and also depends on the air density.
This energy is transported by the winds. In free flow far ahead of rotor of windsturbine, the power density of this transport. Due to this sharp increase in power density with the winds speed winds energy sites are particularly interesting. The tower height plays an important role, especially in inland areas where (buildings and vegetation) reduced the winds speed and increases the degree of turbulence.
Their rated power, sometimes called the installed capacity reaches a windsturbine at the rated windsspeed. In capacity of plant is kept constant in order to avoid overloading. At very high windsspeeds (storm), the system is completely switched off. With a slight crescent shape in outer region of rotor blades soft gusts from the blade tips to leeward. The associated distortion of sheets reduces the angle of attack and therefore the winds load. Accordingly, material can be saved
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